Emergency Response for a Laboratory Biosafety Incident / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

On December 14, 2017, a faculty member of a university in Hunan Province reported that an anthrax vaccine strain might have recovered virulence during an undergraduate experiment and potential exposure could not be ruled out for the students involved. Upon receiving the case report, the CDC, health bureaus, and local governments at the county, prefectural, and provincial levels promptly organized experts in different fields (including epidemiologists, biosafety experts, and laboratory testing experts) for case investigation, evaluation, and response. As the investigation results showed, no virulence recovery was identified in the involved anthrax vaccine strain; and no contamination of Bacillus anthracis was detected at the involved areas. Thus, the university returned to normal functioning.

Optimization of Pulsed-field Gel Electrophoresis Procedure for Bacillus cereus / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

In order to develop a rapid and reliable method for B. cereus genotyping, factors influencing PFGE results, including preparation of bacterial cells embedded in agarose, lysis of embedded cells, enzymatic digestion of intact genomic DNA, and electrophoresis parameters allowing for reproducible and meaningful DNA fragment separation, were controlled. Optimal cellular growth (Luria-Bertani agar plates for 12-18 h) and lysis conditions (4 h incubation with 500 µg/mL lysozyme) produced sharp bands on the gel. Restriction enzyme NotI was chosen as the most suitable. Twenty-two isolates were analyzed by NotI digestion, using three electrophoretic parameters (EPs). The EP-a was optimal for distinguishing between isolates. The optimized protocol could be completed within 40 h which is a significant improvement over the previous methods.

Clinical features and drug resistance characteristics of ovarian clear cell adenocarcinoma and analysis of its prognostic factors / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical features and factors involved in the drug resistance and prognosis of ovarian clear cell adenocarcinoma (OCCA).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty-seven OCCA patients and 53 ovarian serous cyst adenocarcinoma (OSCA) patients were included in this study. Their clinical characteristics, drug resistance, and prognostic factors were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The onset age of OCCA was (49.09 + 11.80) years old, and that of OSCA was (55.51 + 1.38) year old. There were 53.3% (24/45) of OCCA and 98.0% (50/51) of OSCA patients who had elevated CA125 levels. There were 46.8% (22/47) of OCCA patients and 7.5% (4/53) of OSCA patients who suffered from endometriosis (EMS). The percentage of early stage (stage I and stage II) OCCA was 80.9% (38/47), and that of OSCA was 11.3% (6/53). A statistically significant difference was observed on all these aspects (P < 0.05). The percentage of drug resistant OCCA was 26.1% (12/46), and that of OSCA was 24.0% (12/50), with a non-significant difference (P = 0.814).Among the patients with advanced stage disease, the percentage of drug resistance was 87.5% (7/8) for OCCA, while that of OSCA was 25.0% (11/44), showing a statistically significant difference (P = 0.003). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that OCCA (OR = 21.774, 95%CI: 2.438 to 194.431) and advanced stage (OR = 58.329, 95%CI: 5.750 to 591.703) were independent risk factors of drug resistance in ovarian epithelial cancers. For the advanced stage patients, the median overall survival time of OCCA and OSCA were 11 and 29 months, respectively, with a statistically significant difference (P = 0.000). Cox survival analysis showed that OCCA, advanced stage, suboptimal surgery, fewer than 6 cycles of chemotherapy and drug resistance were all risk factors of OS in ovarian cancer patients (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The age of onset in OCCA patients is younger than that of OSCA patients. The proportion of combination with endometriosis (EMS) is higher, and more early stage disease is observed in OCCA patients. The percentage of drug resistant in OCCA is higher, especially in advanced stage patients. The prognosis of advanced stage OCCA patients is poorer than that of OSCA patients in advanced stage.</p>

Expression and promotor methylation of p73 gene in ovarian epithelial tumors / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression and promoter methylation status of p73 gene in ovarian epithelial tumors and their clinicopathological correlations.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Tissue microarrays (TMA) consisting of 68 ovarian cancers, 37 ovarian borderline tumors and 21 ovarian benign tumors were constructed. p73 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry (EnVision method). Fresh-frozen tissue samples from 13 cases of ovarian carcinomas and 5 cases of borderline tumors were evaluated for the presence of p73 promoter methylation using bisulfite sequencing.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Overall, 92.6% (63/68) ovarian carcinomas expressed p73, with a mean value of 32% (percentage of p73 positive cells in the tumor). The mean value of p73 expression rate (40%) in serous carcinoma (26/26) was higher than those of other cancer types (P = 0.006). The mean value of p73 expression rate (40%) in type II ovarian carcinoma was significantly higher than that in type I ovarian carcinoma (24%, P = 0.010). The expression of p73 was not associated with FIGO stage and histological grade (both P > 0.05). The mean values of p73 expression in ovarian borderline tumor (30/37) and benign tumor (12/21) were 16% and 15%, respectively. Of the two groups, the mean value of p73 expression rate in serous type was higher than that in mucous type (P = 0.003, P = 0.026). Ovarian carcinomas had a higher level of p73 expression than borderline tumors and benign tumors (both P < 0.05), while that between ovarian borderline tumors and benign tumors had no statistical difference (P > 0.05). Among serous tumors (49/53), the mean value of p73 expression in the carcinoma group (26/26) was significantly higher than those in the borderline tumor group (12/14) and benign tumor group (11/13; P = 0.024 and P = 0.002, respectively), while that between borderline tumor group and benign tumor group had no statistical difference (P = 0.428). Among mucous tumors (15/27), the mean value of p73 expression in carcinoma group (6/7) was higher than that in benign tumor group (1/8; P = 0.032). No statistical difference of p73 expression was seen between the carcinoma group and ovarian borderline tumor group (8/12) and between the borderline tumor group and benign tumor group (P = 0.234, P = 0.201, respectively). p73 promotor methylation was found in 8 of 13 cases of carcinomas but at different methylation levels with a mean value of 8.0%. Two of 5 ovarian borderline tumors showed detectable p73 promotor methylation with a mean value of 9.0%. Compared with the borderline tumors, ovarian carcinomas showed a similar p73 methylation level (P > 0.05). The p73 methylation level in ovarian carcinomas was not associated with histological type, pathogenetic type, histological grade and FIGO stage (all P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Most of ovarian epithelial tumors express p73 protein with mean values higher in ovarian carcinomas than those in the borderline and benign tumors. Ovarian serous carcinomas have the highest expression level of p73. A simple linear correlation does not exist between the promoter methylation and protein expression of p73.</p>

Hysteroscopy and directed biopsy in the diagnosis of endometrial carcinoma / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Diagnostic hysteroscopy and directed biopsy has been widely used to evaluate abnormal uterine bleeding. We aimed to explore the value of hysteroscopy and directed biopsy in the diagnosis of endometrial carcinoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two hundred and eighty-seven patients with endometrial carcinoma who were treated in Beijing University People's Hospital, Beijing, China were distributed into 2 groups: Group A (90 patients) was examined using hysteroscopy and directed biopsy, and Group B (197 patients) was examined using fractional dilatation and curettage (D&C). The diagnostic veracity of the two methods, the rate of positive peritoneal cytology and the prognosis of the 2 groups were compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In Group A, 97.8% (88/90) of patients were diagnosed pathologically before surgery; the rate was 88.8% (175/197) for Group B. The difference between the 2 groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value for the two methods for detecting cervical involvement were 77.8%, 100%, 100% and 97.6% for Group A and 65.3%, 92.6%, 74.4% and 90.0% for Group B, respectively. The positive peritoneal cytology rate was 5.6% (5/90) in Group A and 6.09% (12/197) in Group B. The difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The 3-year and 5-year overall survival rates were 91.4% (33/36) and 82.4% (14/17) for Group A and 95.6% (87/91) and 86.7% (39/45) for Group B. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups' survival rates (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compared with fractional D&C, hysteroscopy and directed biopsy offered improved pathological diagnostic accuracy before surgery and discovered cervical involvement more precisely in endometrial carcinoma patients, but it did not increase the positive peritoneal cytology rate or affect the prognosis of these patients.</p>

Relationship between ureaplasma urealyticum infection and ectopic pregnancy / 中华妇产科杂志

0.05).The positive rate of Uu in biovar 2 show a significant difference(P0.05).(2)The fallopian tubes infected by biovar2 have a high rate(90%)of ciliary adhesion and exuviation.While there is a low rate(10%)for biovarl with ciliary adhesion and exuviation.There was significant difference between the two groups of Uu (P